JYOTISMATI (Seed)
Jyotismati consists of dried, brownish-orange, ripe seeds, devoid of capsule wall of Celastrus paniculatus Willd. (Fam. Celastracem); a large climbing shrub, mostly found all over the hilly parts of the country upto an altitude of 1200 m.
SYNONYMS
Sanskrit : —
Assamese : Kapalphotla
Bengali : —
English : Staff tree
Gujrati : Malkangani
Hindi : Malkangani
Kannada : Doddaganugm, Gangunge beeja, Gangunge humpu, Kangondiballi
Kashmiri : —
Malayalam : Ceruppunnari, Uzhinja
Marathi : Malkangoni
Oriya : Malkanguni, lyotishmati
Punjabi : Malkangoni
Tamil : Valuluvai
Telugu : Malkangani, Peddamaveru
Urdu : Malkangani
DESCRIPTION
a) Macroscopic
Dried ripe seeds more or less covered by orange-red crusty aril, seed without aril also prescent, measuring 5-6 mm in length and 2.5-3.35 mm in breadth, a few roughly three sided being convex on the sides and a few two sided with one convex and other more or less flat side, one edge of many seeds show a faint ridge or raphe on the whole margin; surface generally smooth and- hard; colour, light to dark brown; odour, unpleasant; taste, bitter.
b) Microscopic
Seed – Shows single layered epidermis covered externally with thick cuticle and filled with tannin, followed by 4-6 layers of thin-walled, collapsed, parenchymatous cells and layer of radially elongated stone cells; parenchyma of top one or two layers longer than of the below with triangular intercellular spaces; inner most layer of parenchyma containing prismatic crystals of calcium oxalate; beneath stone cells layer quadrangular to octagonal, tangentially elongated cells filled with brownish contents; endosperm composed of polygonal, thin-walled, parenchymatous cells having oil gloubles and aleurone grains; embryo spathulate in fleshy endosperm containing oil globules and aleurone grains.
Powder – Oily, dark brown; under microscope shows groups of endospermic parenchyma, stone cells, oil globules and aleurone grains and shows fluorescence under U.V. light as following :-
Powder as such : Grenish -brown Powder + 1 N NaOH in
Methanol : Light green Powder + Nitrocellulose in
Amyl Acetate : Yellowish-green
IDENTITY, PURITY AND STRENGTH
Foreign matter Not more than 2 per cent, Appendix 2.2.2.
Total Ash Not more than 6 per cent, Appendix 2.2.3.
Acid-insoluble ash Not more than 1.5 per cent, Appendix 2.2.4.
Alcohol-soluble extractive Not less than 20 per cent, Appendix 2.2.6.
Water-soluble extractive Not less than 9 per cent, Appendix 2.2.7.
Oil contents Not less than 45 per cent, Appendix 2.2.8
T.L.C.
T.L.C. of alcoholic extract of drug on Silica gel ‘G’ plate using Toluene :
Ethylacetate (90 : 10) shows two spots at Rf. 0.82 (pink) & 0.94 (yellow) in visible light. Under U.V. (366 nm) four fluorescent zones visible at Rf. 0.54, 0.82, 0.89, (all blue) & 0.94 (yellow). On exposure to Iodine vapour eight spots appear at Rf. 0.04, 0.15, 0.20, 0.35, 0.54, 0.63, 0.82 & 0.89 (all yellow). On spraying with Vanillin-Sulphuric acid reagent and heating the plate at 105°C for ten minutes four spots appear at Rf. 0.35, 0.54 (both blue), 0.82, 0.89 (both greenish blue).
CONSTITUENTS – Alkaloids, Oil and Tannins.
PROPERTIES AND ACTION
Rasa : Katu, Tikta
Guna : Sara, Usna, Tiksna
Virya : Usna
Vipaka : Katu
Karma : (Prabhava : Meddhya), Sirovirecanopaga, Dipana, Kaphahara, Vamaka, Vatahara, Virecaka, Meddhya
IMPORTANT FORMULATIONS – Smrtisagara Rasa, Jyotismati Taila.
THERAPEUTIC USES – Vatavyadhi, Smrtidaurbalya, Svitra.
DOSE – Seed: 1-2 g. Oil : 5-15 drops.
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